Convex lens imaging lamulo

Mu optics, chithunzi chopangidwa ndi kuphatikizika kwa kuwala kwenikweni kumatchedwa chithunzi chenicheni;mwinamwake, chimatchedwa chithunzi chenichenicho.Aphunzitsi odziŵa bwino za physics nthaŵi zambiri amatchula njira yoteroyo posiyanitsa chithunzi chenicheni ndi chifaniziro chenicheni: “Chithunzi chenicheni chimakhala chozondoka, pamene chithunzi chenicheni chili chowongoka.”Zomwe zimatchedwa "zowongoka" ndi "zozondoka", Zoonadi zimagwirizana ndi chithunzi choyambirira.

Mitundu itatu ya zithunzi zowoneka bwino zopangidwa ndi magalasi athyathyathya, magalasi owoneka bwino, ndi ma lens opindika zonse ndizowongoka;zithunzi zenizeni zopangidwa ndi magalasi a concave ndi ma lens a convex, komanso zithunzi zenizeni zomwe zimapangidwa ndi kujambula kwa pobowo, zonse zili mozondoka.Zoonadi, kalilole wa concave ndi mandala a convex amathanso kukhala zithunzi zenizeni, ndipo zithunzi ziwiri zomwe zimapangidwa nawo zilinso zowongoka.

Choncho, kodi chithunzi chopangidwa ndi maso a munthu ndi chifaniziro chenicheni kapena chifaniziro chenicheni?Tikudziwa kuti mawonekedwe a diso la munthu ndi ofanana ndi mandala owoneka bwino, kotero chithunzi chopangidwa ndi zinthu zakunja pa retina ndicho chithunzi chenicheni.Malingana ndi malamulo omwe ali pamwambawa, chithunzi cha retina chikuwoneka mozondoka.Koma kodi zinthu zilizonse zimene timaona nthawi zambiri zimakhala zowongoka?Kusagwirizana kumeneku ndi "lamulo lachidziwitso" kumaphatikizapo kusintha kwa ubongo wa ubongo ndi zotsatira za zochitika pamoyo.

Pamene mtunda wapakati pa chinthucho ndi mandala opingasa uli wamkulu kuposa kutalika kwa disololo, chinthucho chimakhala chithunzi chopindika.Chinthucho chikayandikira lens kuchokera patali, chithunzicho chimakula pang'onopang'ono, ndipo mtunda wapakati pa chithunzicho ndi lens umakhala wokulirapo;pamene mtunda pakati pa chinthu ndi mandala Ikakhala yaying'ono kuposa kutalika kwapakati, chinthucho chimakhala chithunzi chokulirapo.Chithunzichi simalo olumikizirana a kuwala kwenikweni kowunikiridwa, koma mphambano ya mizere yawo yowonjeza, yomwe singalandilidwe ndi chinsalu chowala.Ndi chithunzi chenicheni.Ikhoza kufananizidwa ndi chithunzithunzi chopangidwa ndi galasi lathyathyathya (sangathe kulandiridwa ndi chophimba chowala, chowonekera ndi maso).

Pamene mtunda pakati pa chinthu ndi mandala ndi wamkulu kuposa utali wolunjika, chinthucho chimakhala chithunzi chozondoka.Chithunzichi chimapangidwa ndi kuwala kochokera ku kandulo komwe kumapita ku lens yopingasa kudzera mu lens yopingasa.Pamene mtunda pakati pa chinthucho ndi mandala ndi wocheperapo kutalika kwake, chinthucho chimakhala chithunzi chowoneka bwino.