Mune optics, mufananidzo wakaumbwa nekusangana kwechiedza chaicho unonzi mufananidzo chaiwo;kana zvisina kudaro, inonzi mufananidzo chaiwo.Vadzidzisi vefizikisi vane ruzivo vanowanzotaura nzira yakadaro yekusiyanisa pavanenge vachitaura musiyano pakati pemufananidzo chaiwo nemufananidzo chaiwo: "Mufananidzo chaiwo wakatarisa pasi, nepo mufananidzo chaiwo wakatwasuka."Izvo zvinonzi "zvakarurama" uye "zvakarerekera pasi", Chokwadi zvinoenderana nemufananidzo wepakutanga.
Mhando nhatu dzemifananidzo chaiyo yakaumbwa negirazi rakafuratirwa, magirazi econvex, uye maconcave lenzi akatwasuka;mifananidzo chaiyo inoumbwa ne concave mirrors uye convex lenses, pamwe chete nemifananidzo chaiyo inoumbwa neaperture imaging, zvose zvakatarisa-pasi.Ehe, girazi reconcave uye convex lens inogona zvakare kuve mifananidzo chaiyo, uye iwo maviri chaiwo mapikicha akaumbwa navo ariwo akatwasuka.
Saka, mufananidzo wakaumbwa nemeso evanhu mufananidzo chaiwo here kana kuti mufananidzo chaiwo?Isu tinoziva kuti chimiro cheziso remunhu chakaenzana neconvex lens, saka mufananidzo wakaumbwa nezvinhu zvekunze pane retina ndiwo mufananidzo chaiwo.Maererano nemitemo iri pamusoro yechiitiko, chifananidzo chiri pa retina chinoratidzika sechinoputika.Asi zvinhu zvipi zvatinowanzoona zvakanyatsoti twasu?Izvi zvinopesana ne "mutemo wezvakaitika" chaizvoizvo unosanganisira kugadziriswa kwecerebral cortex uye kukanganisa kwehupenyu hwehupenyu.
Kana chinhambwe chiri pakati pechiro nelenzi checonvex chakura kudarika kureba kwakanangana nelenzi, chinhu chacho chinova mufananidzo wakapidiguka.Apo chinhu chacho chinosvika kune lens kubva kure kure, mufananidzo wacho unowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, uye chinhambwe chiri pakati pechifananidzo nelenzi zvishoma nezvishoma chinova chikuru;kana chinhambwe chiri pakati pechinhu nelenzi Kana chiri chidiki pane chakanangana nehurefu, chinhu chinova mufananidzo wakakudzwa.Ichi chifananidzo hachisi chekuchinjika kwechiedza chaicho chakadzoserwa, asi mharadzano yemitsara yavo yereverse yekuwedzera, iyo isingagamuchirwe nechiedza chechiedza.Iwo mufananidzo chaiwo.Inogona kuenzaniswa nemufananidzo chaiwo wakaumbwa negirazi rakadzika (haigone kugamuchirwa nechiedza chechiedza, chinongoonekwa nemeso chete).
Kana chinhambwe chiri pakati pechinhu nelenzi chikakura kudarika kureba kwakatarisa, chinhu chacho chinova mufananidzo wakatarisa pasi.Mufananidzo uyu unoumbwa nechiedza chinobva mukenduru chinobuda kuenda kune convex lens kuburikidza ne convex lens.Kana chinhambwe chiri pakati pechinhu nelenzi chiri pasi pehurefu hwakatarisana, chinhu chacho chinova mufananidzo chaiwo.
Nguva yekutumira: Oct-08-2021